CHEMOBRAIN: estudio descriptivo sobre la función cognitiva en personas con una condición de salud oncológica en tratamiento quimioterapéutico / CHEMOBRAIN: descriptive study on cognitive function in people with a oncological health condition under chemotherapeutic treatment

Objetivos: el objetivo principal de este estudio descriptivo es analizar la presencia de deterioro cognitivo en personas con una condición de salud oncológica sometidas a tratamiento quimioterapéutico. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo, observacional, correlacional y transversal, en el que participan 55 pacientes del Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. Los instrumentos utilizados son el cuestionario Evaluación Rápida de las Funciones Cognitivas; el Cuestionario de Fallos de Memoria de la vida Cotidiana; y la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria. Resultados: los resultados muestran que un 54,5% de la muestra presenta deterioro cognitivo objetivo y subjetivo (con una correlación significativa de p=0,038). Además, el 65,4% de la muestra presenta síntomas ansioso-depresivos. Sin embargo, ambas variables, no se hanpodido correlacionar de manera estadística significativa. Sí se han establecido correlaciones significativas entre la edad y el deterioro cognitivo (p=0,030). Conclusión: podemos concluir que la presencia de deterioro cognitivo y síntomas ansioso-depresivos es común entre las personas con una condición de salud oncológica, aumentando el deterioro cognitivo con la edad.(AU)

Objective: Cancer is a leading contributor to morbidity and mortality in Spain. While oncological treatments used to combat the disease, they have various side effects, including cognitive impairment or complaints commonly known as "chemobrain." Method: This descript ive, observational,correlational, and cross-sectional study involved 55 patients from the University Hospital of Salamanca. The instruments employed included the Rapid Assessment of Cognitive Functions Questionnaire; the Everyday Life Memory Failure Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: The results show that 54.5% of the sample exhibits both objective and subjective cognitive impairment, with a significant correlation of p=0.038. Furthermore, 65.4% of the sample exhibits anxious-depressive symptoms. However, both variables could not be statistically significantly correlated. Significantly, correlations have been established between age and cognitive impairment (p=0.030). Conclusion: Consequently, it can be concluded that cognitive impairment and anxious-depressive symptoms are common among individuals with an oncological health condition, with cognitive impairment being more prevalent among older individuals.(AU)

Digestive toxicity in cancer treatments. Bibliographic review. Influence on nutritional status.

INTRODUCTION: The cause of death can be attributed to malnutrition in 10-20% of cancer patients. Patients with sarcopenia present more chemotherapy toxicity, less progression-free time, less functional capacity and more surgical complications. Antineoplastic treatments have a high prevalence of adverse effects that compromise nutritional status. The new chemotherapy agents present direct toxicity on the digestive tract (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and/or mucositis). We present the frequency of adverse effects with nutritional impact of the most frequent chemotherapy agents used in the treatment of solid tumours, as well as strategies for early diagnosis and nutritional treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Review of commonly used cancer treatments (cytotoxic agents, immunotherapy, targeted therapies) in colorectal, liver, pancreatic; lung, melanoma, bladder, ovary, prostate and kidney cancer. The frequency (%) of gastrointestinal effects, and those of grade ≥3 are recorded. A systematic bibliographic search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, UpToDate, international guides and technical data sheets. RESULTS: They are shown in the form of tables in which the drugs appear together with the probability that they present any digestive adverse effect and the percentage of serious adverse effects (Grade ≥ 3). DISCUSSION: Antineoplastic drugs are associated with a high frequency of digestive complications with nutritional repercussions, which can reduce QoL and cause death as a result of malnutrition or due to the limiting effect of suboptimal treatments, closing the malnutrition-toxicity loop. It is necessary to inform the patient about the risks and establish local protocols regarding the use of antidiarrheal drugs, antiemetics and adjuvants in the management of mucositis. We propose action algorithms and dietary advice that can be used directly in clinical practice, to prevent the negative consequences of malnutrition.

¿Es la actividad metabólica del tejido adiposo un predictor de respuesta histopatológica al tratamiento neoadyuvante en el cáncer de mama? / Is adipose tissue metabolic activity a predictor of pathological responses to neoadjuvant treatment in breast cancer?

Objetivo La respuesta histopatológica a la quimioterapia neoadyuvante (NAC) es esencial en pacientes con cáncer de mama. La predicción de la respuesta histopatológica a la NAC en pacientes con cáncer de mama localmente avanzado es esencial para una estrategia de tratamiento óptima. El enfoque actual del tratamiento adyuvante o neoadyuvante se basa en el subtipo molecular. La obesidad puede afectar la respuesta a la quimioterapia. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la relación entre la actividad metabólica del tejido adiposo (AT) y la respuesta histopatológica de la NAC. Definir, la asociación del índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el valor del «Standard Uptake Value» (SUV) de AT medido por tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET/TC) con la respuesta a la quimioterapia neoadyuvante. Material y métodos Hemos incluido 116 pacientes consecutivos con cáncer de mama, estadio II y III, que acudieron para la realización de un PET/TC previo a NAC entre 2016 y 2020. Hemos calculado los parámetros metabólicos del tejido adiposo visceral (SUV del VAT), del tejido adiposo subcutáneo (SUV del SAT) y la relación entre ambos (relación V/S). Todos estos biomarcadores los hemos relacionado con la respuesta histopatológica de los pacientes. Resultados El análisis univariante muestra una correlación significativa entre la respuesta histopatológica con el estadio clínico (p<0,001), HER2 positivo (p<0,001), SUV del VAT (p=0,037), densidad del VAT (p=0,043) y la relación V/S (p=0,003). El análisis multivariante muestra una significación estadística entre HER2 positivo y la relación V/S con la respuesta histopatológica. Se evidencia una correlación positiva del IMC con el volumen del IVA (p<0,001), SUV del IVA (p<0,016), volumen del SAT (p<0,001) y el SUV del SAT (p<0,001). Se evidencia una correlación negativa del IMC con la relación V/S (p=0,039) y la densidad del SAT (p=0,003) (AU)

Introduction and objective Prediction of the pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with locally advanced breast cancer is essential for optimal treatment strategy. The current approach of adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment is based on the molecular subtype. Obesity may have affected chemotherapy response. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between metabolic activity of adipose tissue (AT) and pathological responses to NAC. And to define the association with body mass index (BMI) and metabolic parameters of standardized uptake value (SUV) of adipose tissue measured by positron emission computed tomography (PET/CT). Material and methods One-hundred and sixteen consecutive patients with stage II and III breast cancer who underwent PET/CT before receiving NAC, were evaluated in the study. Metabolic parameters of visceral adipose tissue (VAT-SUV), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT-SUV), and calculated SUV of visceral-to-subcutaneous ratio (V/S-ratio) were regarded. The relationship between SUV of AT and pathologic response was evaluated from medical records retrospectively. Results Univariate-analysis revealed that good pathological response was significantly associated with clinical stage (p<0.001), HER-2 positivity (p<0.001), VAT-SUV (p=0.037), VAT-density (p=0.043) and V/S-ratio (p=0.003). In multivariate-analysis clinical stage, HER-2 positivity and V/S-ratio were found to have statistically effect on pathological response. VAT-volume (p<0.001), VAT-SUV (p=0.016), SAT-volume (p<0.001) and SAT-SUV (p<0.001) has positive correlation with BMI value. On the other hand, V/S-ratio (p=0.039) and SAT-density (p=0.003) has negative correlation with BMI. Conclusion Metabolic activity of AT is associated with BMI and effected chemotherapy responses. Low V/S ratio was associated with high BMI and poor pathological response to NAC. V/S ratio may be a useful marker for the prediction of NAC responses (AU)

Is adipose tissue metabolic activity a predictor of pathological responses to neoadjuvant treatment in breast cancer.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Prediction of the pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with locally advanced breast cancer is essential for optimal treatment strategy. The current approach of adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment is based on the molecular subtype. Obesity may have affected chemotherapy response. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between metabolic activity of adipose tissue (AT) and pathological responses to NAC. And to define the association with body mass index (BMI) and metabolic parameters of standardized uptake value (SUV) of adipose tissue measured by positron emission computed tomography (PET/CT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One-hundred and sixteen consecutive patients with stage II and III breast cancer who underwent PET/CT before receiving NAC, were evaluated in the study. Metabolic parameters of visceral adipose tissue (VAT-SUV), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT-SUV), and calculated SUV of visceral-to-subcutaneous ratio (V/S-ratio) were regarded. The relationship between SUV of AT and pathologic response was evaluated from medical records retrospectively. RESULTS: Univariate-analysis revealed that good pathological response was significantly associated with clinical stage (P<.001), HER-2 positivity (P<.001), VAT-SUV (P=.037), VAT-density (P=.043) and V/S-ratio (P=.003). In multivariate-analysis clinical stage, HER-2 positivity and V/S-ratio were found to have statistically effect on pathological response. VAT-volume (P<.001), VAT-SUV (P=.016), SAT-volume (P<.001) and SAT-SUV (P<.001) has positive correlation with BMI value. On the other hand, V/S-ratio (P=.039) and SAT-density (P=.003) has negative correlation with BMI. CONCLUSION: Metabolic activity of AT is associated with BMI and effected chemotherapy responses. LowV/S ratio was associated with high BMI and poor pathological response to NAC. V/S ratio may be a useful marker for the prediction of NAC responses.

Organ preservation after treatment with induction chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced carcinomas (T3-T4) of oral cavity and oropharynx. / Preservación de órgano tras un tratamiento con quimioterapia de inducción en pacientes con carcinomas localmente avanzados (T3-T4) de cavidad oral y orofaringe.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: With the goal of achieving functional preservation, one of the treatment strategies for patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck is to initiate treatment with induction chemotherapy (CT) and decide the second therapeutic manoeuvre depending on the response. The objective of this study is to evaluate organ preservation capacity based on this therapeutic approach in patients with tumours of the oral cavity and oropharynx. METHODS: A retrospective study of 246 patients with locally advanced carcinomas of the oral cavity or oropharynx (cT3-T4) initially treated with induction CT. RESULTS: After induction CT 28% of patients achieved a complete response of the primary location of the tumour, 43.1% a partial response greater than 50%, and 28.9% a reduction less than 50% or persistence. After the induction CT treatment 70 patients (28.5%) underwent surgical treatment, and 176 (71.5%) radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Considering the patients treated non-surgically (n=176), organ preservation for patients with a complete response (n=66) was 65.2%, for those patients with a partial response greater than 50% (n=75) it was 30.7%, and for patients with a partial response less than 50% or persistence (n=35) it was 14.3%. CONCLUSION: The response to treatment with induction CT has prognostic value in patients with locally advanced carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Patients who are candidates for conservative treatment with RT or CRT would be those who achieve a complete response after induction treatment.

Outcomes of bladder preservation therapy on survival in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. / Resultados de preservación vesical en pacientes con tumor vesical musculoinfiltrante.

INTRODUCTION: The standard of care in muscle invasive bladder cancer is radical cystectomy; however; transurethral resection (TUR) followed by external radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy demonstrates comparable results with radical cystectomy in terms of local control and survival rates. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate our results of multimodality bladder preservation therapy (BPT) in patients who had muscle-invasive bladder cancer and were reluctant to radical cystectomy. METHODS: The retrospective analysis of twenty-three patients with stage T2 transitional cell bladder cancer that were consecutively treated with BPT was performed. Treatment strategy included radical TUR followed by 3 cycles of cisplatin, gemcitabine combination, and radiotherapy of 64 Gy as adjuvant treatment. The Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and log rank were calculated. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 58 (15-158) months. Disease-free survival (DFS) and five year overall survival (OS) rates for 23 patients were 55.9% and 63.9%, respectively. Cancer-specific OS was 67%. There were no grade 3 or higher complications. CONCLUSIONS: Our small patient group suggests that BPT can be safely applied in selected cases with bladder cancer or in patients that refused radical cystectomy.

INTRODUCCIÓN: El estándar de tratamiento en el CVMI es la cistectomía radical, aunque la RTUv + RTP+ quimioterapia sistémica demuestra resultados comparables a la cistectomía radical en términos de control local y supervivencia global. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar nuestros resultados en terapia trimodal en cáncer de vejiga músculo-invasivo que rechazan la cistectomía radical. MÉTODOS: Análisis retrospectivo de 23 pacientes con estadio T3 TVMI tratados con preservación vesical (RTUv +3 ciclos de gemcitabina, cisplatino+ 64Gy RTP adyuvante). KM estimados y log Rank fueron calculados. RESULTADOS: La mediana de seguimiento fue de 58 meses (15-158). El intervalo libre de enfermedad y la supervivencia global a los 5 anos fue de 56% y 64%, respectivamente. La Supervivencia cáncer especifica fue de 67%. No se objetivaron complicaciones grado 3 o más. CONCLUSIONES: Nuestra serie de tratamiento preservación vesical demuestra que el uso de este tratamiento en pacientes debidamente seleccionados que no quieren cistectomía radical es apropiado.

Distribution and prevalence of transmissible venereal tumor in the Colombian canine population / Distribución y prevalencia de tumor venéreo transmisible en la población canina colombiana / Distribuição e prevalência do tumor venéreo transmissível na população canina colombiana

Abstract Background: Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is perhaps the oldest known canine neoplasia. It is spread by cell allogeneic transplantation among susceptible animals. It is globally distributed, mainly in urban areas with high populations of stray dogs. Objective: To estimate the current distribution and prevalence of CTVT in Colombia. Methods: After analyzing the literature, we obtained epidemiological information on CTVT from 152 veterinarians in five Colombian regions via an electronic form (using Google Forms). This analysis confirmed that CTVT is endemic in the inhabited regions of Colombia and is highly prevalent in the Andean region, the most populated region in the country. Results: For the reported cases of CTVT, no significant differences were found in terms of animal gender, reproductive status, or origin. An association was found between the number of CTVT cases and concomitant infectious diseases. Results also showed that vincristine is the most effective therapy for CTVT and resistance is not a serious problem in Colombia. Conclusion: Our results confirm that CTVT is endemic in the country, coinciding with global analysis of the factors that enable the continued existence of the disease, and implies that stray dogs are the reservoir. Accordingly, we recommend that canine control policies be introduced in Colombia.

Resumen Antecedentes: el tumor venéreo transmisible canino (TVTC) es quizá la neoplasia más antigua del canino. Se transmite por un transplante alogénico entre los animales susceptibles. Su distribución es mundial, principalmente en áreas urbanas con alta población de perros callejeros. Objetivo: estimar la actual distribución y prevalencia de TVTC en Colombia. Métodos: en este estudio, además de revisar la literatura, se obtuvo información epidemiológica del TVTC de 152 veterinarios en cinco regiones de Colombia, mediante formulario electrónico (usando Google Forms). Resultados: este análisis confirma que TVTC es endémico en las regiones habitadas de Colombia y es altamente prevalente en la región Andina, la región más poblada del país. Para los casos reportados, no se encontraron diferencias significativas respecto al género de los animales afectados, su estado reproductivo o su origen. Se encontró una asociación entre los casos de TVTC y las enfermedades infecciosas concomitantes. Los resultados muestran que la vincristina es la terapia más efectiva contra el TVTC y el fenómeno de resistencia no es un problema serio en Colombia. Conclusión: los resultados confirman que el TVTC es endémico en el país lo cual coincide con el análisis global de los factores que permiten que la enfermedad continúe existiendo, e implica que los perros callejeros son el reservorio de la enfermedad. En consecuencia, se recomienda que se implementen políticas de control de caninos callejeros en Colombia.

Resumo Antecedentes: o tumor venéreo transmissível canino (TVTC) é talvez a neoplasia mais antiga dos caninos. É transmitido por um transplante alogênico entre animais susceptíveis. Sua distribuição é mundial, principalmente em áreas urbanas com altas populações de cães de rua. Objetivo: estimar a atual distribuição e prevalência de CTVT colombiano. Métodos: neste estudo, além de uma revisão da literatura, informação epidemiológica de TVTC foi obtido de 152 veterinários em cinco regiões da Colômbia, por meio de um formulário eletrônico (usando o Google Forms). Resultados: esta análise confirma que TVTC é endêmica nas regiões habitadas da Colômbia é altamente prevalente na região andina, a região mais populosa. Para os casos relatados, não houve diferenças significativas em relação ao sexo dos animais afetados, o seu estado reprodutivo nem do sua origem. Uma associação entre os casos de TVTC e doenças infecciosas concomitantes foi encontrada. Os resultados amostram que a vincristina é terapia mais eficaz contra o TVTC e o fenómeno de resistência não é um problema grave na Colômbia. Conclusão: os resultados confirmam que a TVTC é endémico no país, o qual coincide com a análise global dos fatores que permitem que a doença continue existindo e implica que os cães de rua são o reservatório da doença. Consequentemente, recomenda-se que políticas de controle sejam implementadas para cães de rua na Colômbia.

Ação educativa do enfermeiro no cuidado domiciliar de adolescentes e crianças: uso do fator estimulador de crescimento de colônia granulocítica (G-CSF) ­ uma perspectiva fenomenológica / Nursing education in the home care of adolescents and children: use of granulocytic colony growth stimulating factor (G-CSF) - a phenomenological perspective

Problema: Atualmente o câncer infantil representa a segunda causa de morte na faixa etária de 5 a 19 anos, ultrapassado apenas pelos óbitos provocados por causas externas. E, a partir do diagnóstico, traça-se uma das propostas de tratamento, a terapêutica com os agentes antineoplásicos, conhecidos como quimioterápicos, os quais são responsáveis pelo longo período de internação, tendo em vista que um dos efeitos adversos desta terapêutica com maior incidência é a neutropenia pós-quimioterapia. Tal condição representada pela contagem de neutrófilos inferior a 1500/m3 torna necessário o uso de moduladores de resposta muitas vezes em domicílio. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo construir uma ação educativa durante a utilização em domicílio do fator estimulador de colônias granulocíticas (G-CSF), pelo paciente e/ou familiar, buscando conhecer o significado desta ação educativa a ser construída em conjunto com os familiares, considerando e respeitando o conhecimento e saber emanado por eles, em todo o processo holístico de saúde onde o indivíduo apresenta necessidades interligadas ao meio que o cerca. Método: É um estudo de natureza qualitativa, tipo descritivo com apropriação do método fenomenológico na percepção de Maurice Merleau Ponty, e a teoria transpessoal de Jean Watson e teve como cenário o centro de quimioterapia infantil do Instituto Nacional de Câncer, que é uma Instituição Pública Federal de referência na área oncológica, e obteve aprovação no CEP em 22/12/2015n° do CAAE-51715515.500005243 e no CEP da instituição coparticipante em 07/01/2016 n0 do CAAE-51715515.5.3001.5274. O estudo foi desenvolvido em conformidade com os princípios éticos estabelecidos na Resolução do Conselho Nacional de Saúde (CNS) 466/12. Resultado: A coleta de dados ocorreu no serviço de quimioterapia infantil por meio de entrevista com participação de dezoito familiares. As entrevistas foram transcritas na integra com apropriação do método de Giorgi e após analise a luz da fenomenologia da Percepção de Maurice Merleau-Ponty originou-se a formação de quatro categorias: Categoria 1-O impacto do diagnóstico de câncer na perspectiva do familiar; Categoria 2-O significado do câncer e tratamento na percepção do familiar; Categoria 3-A importância da espiritualidade na percepção do familiar da criança com câncer; 4-O significado do cuidado domiciliar na perspectiva do familiar. Considerações finais: Durante o decorrer deste estudo percorreu-se um caminho direcionado ao cuidado, tanto ao cuidador quanto do ser a ser cuidado com o objetivo de compreender e auxiliar os familiares no processo do cuidar a partir da percepção da experiência vivenciada por estes em um contexto familiar. Tais propósitos incluíram o respeito e valorização do conhecimento e das experiências desses familiares, incluindo suas crenças, cultura, e hábitos sociais. E, neste contexto é de extrema importância que o enfermeiro vivencie a experiência a partir da percepção do sujeito deste estudo, considerando os conceitos humanísticos, visando almejar uma assistência cada vez mais qualificada e de excelência, o que propiciou a construção de uma tecnologia educacional (cartilha educativa), no que se refere ao uso em domicilio do fator estimulador de crescimento de colônias de granulócitos

Problem: Currently, childhood cancer represents the second cause of death in the age group of 5 to 19 years, surpassed only by deaths caused by external causes. From the diagnosis, one of the treatment proposals is the treatment with antineoplastic agents, known as chemotherapeutic agents, which are responsible for the long period of hospitalization, considering that neutropenia is one of the adverse effects of this therapy with a higher incidence after chemotherapy. That condition, represented by the neutrophil count below 1500 / m3 makes it necessary to use response modulators often at home. Objective: This study aimed to construct an educational action during the use of the granulocytic colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), by the patient and / or family member at home. It seeks to know the meaning of this educational action built together with the family, considering and respecting the knowledge and knowledge emanated by them, throughout the holistic process of health where the individual present needs interconnected to the environment that surrounds him. Method: It is a descriptive qualitative study, based on the phenomenological method from the perspective of Maurice Merleau Ponty, and the transpersonal theory of Jean Watson. It had as setting the child chemotherapy center of the National Cancer Institute, which is a public federal hospital, specialized in oncology area, and obtained approval in the CEP on 12/22/2015 under protocol number CAAE51715515.500005243 and in the CEP of the participating Institution on 07/01/2016 under protocol number CAAE-51715515.5.3001.5274. The study was developed in conformity with the ethical principles set out in National Health Council (CNS) Resolution No.466/12. Results: Data collection took place in the infant chemotherapy service through an interview with the participation of eighteen relatives. We transcribed the interviews in full, with appropriation of the Giorgi method, followed by analysis under the perspective of the phenomenology of Perception by Maurice Merleau Ponty. Then, four categories originated category 1. The impact of the cancer diagnosis from the family perspective; category; 2. The meaning of the cancer and treatment under the perception of the family member; category 3. The importance of the spirituality under the perception of the family member of the child with cancer; -the meaning of home care from the perspective of the family member. Final Considerations. During the development of this study, we went through a path directed to care that reached both the caregiver and the being to be cared for with the objective of understanding and helping the family in the care process from the perception of experiences lived by them in a family context. Such purposes included the respect and valorization of the knowledge and experiences of these relatives, including their beliefs, culture, and social habits. And in this context, it is extremely important that nurses live the experience from the perception of the subject of this study, considering the humanistic concepts, aiming for an increasingly qualified and excellent assistance, which has enabled the construction process of an educational technology (educational leaflet) as regards the use at home of granulocytes colony stimulating factor

Problema: En la actualidad el cáncer infantil es la segunda causa de muerte en el grupo de edad de 5-19 años sólo superada por las muertes provocadas por causas externas. Y, desde el diagnóstico, se expone una de las propuestas de tratamiento, la terapéutica con agentes antineoplásicos, conocidos como la quimioterapia, los cuales son responsables por el largo período de hospitalización, dado que algunos de los efectos adversos de este tratamiento con mayor incidencia es la neutropenia pos quimioterapia. Tal condición representada por un conteo de neutrófilos inferior a 1.500 / m3 hace que sea necesario el uso de moduladores de la respuesta muchas veces en el domicilio. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo construir una actividad educativa durante el uso del estimulador de colonias de factor de granulocitos (G-CSF), el paciente y / o familia en uso en el familiar, buscando conocer el significado de esta actividad educativa que se construirá en conjunto con el familia, teniendo en cuenta y respetando los conocimientos y experiencia que emana de ellos durante todo el proceso holístico de salud donde el individuo presenta necesidades interrelacionadas con el medio que lo rodea. Método: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, con la apropiación del método fenomenológico en la percepción de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, y la teoría transpersonal Jean Watson y se realizó en el centro de la quimioterapia de los niños del Instituto Nacional del Cáncer, que es una institución pública Federal referencia en oncología, con la aprobación en el CEP Coordinador 22/12/2015 Nº de CAAE-51715515.500005243 y CEP de la institución copartícipe en el CAAE 01/07/2016 N.51715515.5.3001.5274. Se realizó a partir de los principios éticos que implican la investigación en seres humanos. Resultados: Los datos fueron recolectados en el servicio de quimioterapia infantil a través de entrevistas con la participación de dieciocho familiares. Las entrevistas se transcribieron enteras con apropiación del método de Giorgi y después del análisis a la luz de la fenomenología de Maurice Merleau-Ponty se originó la formación de cuatro categorías: Categoría 1-El impacto del diagnóstico de cáncer en la perspectiva de la familia; Categoría 2-El significado del cáncer y el tratamiento en la percepción de la familia; Categoría 3-La importancia de la espiritualidad en la percepción de la familia de los niños con cáncer; 4-El significado de la atención domiciliaria en perspectiva familiar. Consideraciones finales: En el transcurso del estudio se ha recorrido un camino dirigido a la atención, para llegar tanto al cuidador como al ser humano que debe ser cuidado con el fin de comprender y ayudar a la familia en el proceso de atención a de la percepción de la experiencia vivida por ellos en un contexto familiar, respetando y valorando los conocimientos y experiencias de vida de estas familias, con sus creencias, la cultura y los hábitos sociales y, en este contexto, es extremadamente importante que las enfermeras experimentan la experiencia a partir de la percepción del sujeto de este estudio, teniendo en cuenta los conceptos humanísticos, buscando una asistencia cada vez más cualificada y de excelencia, que propició la construcción de una tecnología educativa (cartilla educativa) en lo que respecta al uso en domicilio del factor de crecimiento de colonias de granulocitos

Mucosite, neuropatia periférica e síndrome mão-pé: ocorrências e reflexões para o cuidado de enfermagem / Mucositis, peripheral neuropathy and hand-foot syndrome: occurences and reflection for nursing care / Mucositis, neuropatía periférica y síndrome mano-pie: hechos y reflexiones para el cuidado de enfermería

Objetivo: verificar ocorrência das reações adversas da mucosite, síndrome mão-pé e neuropatia periférica em pacientes tratados com quimioterapia. Método: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, com coleta de dados em prontuários de adultos com câncer. O projeto obteve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, protocolo n. 560.065. Resultados: foram analisados 244 prontuários; destes, 28 apresentaram alteração na mucosa oral, variando de Grau 1 a 3; 10 pacientes apresentaram sintomas de síndrome mão-pé, variando de Grau 1 a 4 e 14 neuropatia periférica, Graus 1 a 3. Conclusão: as três reações, embora abaixo da estatística apresentada na literatura, são relevantes e cabe à enfermagem identificá-las. Essas reações caracterizam conceitos complexos, que exigem intervenções de enfermagem voltadas para a mensuração, prevenção e restauração destas manifestações.(AU)

Objective: to verify the occurrence of the following drug adverse reactions mucositis, hand-foot syndrome and peripheral neuropathy in patients treated with chemotherapy. Method: a descriptive, retrospective study, with data collection from medical records of patients diagnosed with cancer. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee, under the protocol 560,065. Results: we have analyzed 244 medical records; of these, 28 have shown alterations in the oral mucosa, ranging from grades 1 to 3; 10 patients have sown symptoms of the hand-foot syndrome, ranging from grades 1 to 4 and 14 have presented peripheral neuropathy, grades 1-3. Conclusion: the three drug adverse reactions, although below the statistics presented in the literature are relevant and it is up to nursing staff to identify them. These reactions characterize complex concepts that require nursing interventions for the measurement, prevention and restoration of such events.(AU)

Objetivo: verificar la aparición de reacciones adversas mucositis, síndrome mano-pie y neuropatía periférica en los pacientes tratados con quimioterapia. Método: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, con la recogida de datos en los registros de adultos con cáncer. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité Ético de Investigación, Protocolo. 560.065. Resultados: se analizaron 244 historias clínicas; de éstos, 28 mostraron alteraciones en la mucosa oral, que van desde grado 1 a 3; 10 pacientes mostraron síntomas del síndrome mano-pie, que van desde el grado 1 a 4:14 neuropatía periférica, los grados 1 a 3. Conclusión: las tres reacciones, aunque ellos por debajo de las estadísticas presentadas en la literatura son relevantes y corresponde a la enfermería de identificar. Estas reacciones se caracterizan conceptos complejos que requieren intervenciones de enfermería para la medición, la prevención y restauración de dichos eventos.(AU)